hashtab.c

/*
--------------------------------------------------------------------
By Bob Jenkins, 1996.  hashtab.c.  Public Domain.
 
This implements a hash table.
* Keys are unique.  Adding an item fails if the key is already there.
* Keys and items are pointed at, not copied.  If you change the value
  of the key after it is inserted then hfind will not be able to find it.
* The hash table maintains a position that can be set and queried.
* The table length doubles dynamically and never shrinks.  The insert
  that causes table doubling may take a long time.
* The table length splits when the table length equals the number of items
  Comparisons usually take 7 instructions.
  Computing a hash value takes 35+6n instructions for an n-byte key.
 
  hcreate  - create a hash table
  hdestroy - destroy a hash table
   hcount  - The number of items in the hash table
   hkey    - key at the current position
   hkeyl   - key length at the current position
   hstuff  - stuff at the current position
  hfind    - find an item in the table
   hadd    - insert an item into the table
   hdel    - delete an item from the table
  hstat    - print statistics about the table
   hfirst  - position at the first item in the table
   hnext   - move the position to the next item in the table
--------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
 
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
 
#include "lookupa.h"
#include "hashtab.h"
#include "recycle.h"
 
/* sanity check -- make sure ipos, apos, and count make sense */
#ifdef HSANITY
static void  hsanity(
  htab *t
) {
  uint32_t    i, end, counter;
  hitem *h;
 
  /* test that apos makes sense */
  end = (uint32_t)1<<(t->logsize);
  if (end < t->apos)
    printf("error:  end %lu  apos %lu\n", end, t->apos);
 
  /* test that ipos is in bucket apos */
  if (t->ipos)
  {
    for (h=t->table[t->apos];  h && h != t->ipos;  h = h->next)
      ;
    if (h != t->ipos)
      printf("error:ipos not in apos, apos is %lu\n", t->apos);
  }
 
  /* test that t->count is the number of elements in the table */
  counter=0;
  for (counter=0, i=0;  i<end;  ++i)
    for (h=t->table[i];  h;  h=h->next)
      ++counter;
  if (counter != t->count)
    printf("error: counter %lu  t->count %lu\n", counter, t->count);
}
#endif
 
 
/*
 * hgrow - Double the size of a hash table.
 * Allocate a new, 2x bigger array,
 * move everything from the old array to the new array,
 * then free the old array.
 */
static void hgrow(
  htab *t /* table */
) {
  register uint32_t     newsize = (uint32_t)1<<(++t->logsize);
  register uint32_t     newmask = newsize-1;
  register uint32_t     i;
  register hitem **oldtab = t->table;
  register hitem **newtab = (hitem **)malloc(newsize*sizeof(hitem *));
 
  /* make sure newtab is cleared */
  for (i=0; i<newsize; ++i) newtab[i] = (hitem *)0;
  t->table = newtab;
  t->mask = newmask;
 
  /* Walk through old table putting entries in new table */
  for (i=newsize>>1; i--;)
  {
    register hitem *this, *that;
    for (this = oldtab[i]; this;)
    {
      register hitem **newplace;
      that = this;
      this = this->next;
      newplace = &newtab[(that->hval & newmask)];
      that->next = *newplace;
      *newplace = that;
    }
  }
 
  /* position the hash table on some existing item */
  hfirst(t);
 
  /* free the old array */
  free((char *)oldtab);
}
 
/* hcreate - create a hash table initially of size power(2,logsize) */
htab *hcreate(
  int logsize /* log base 2 of the size of the hash table */
) {
  uint32_t i,len;
  htab *t = (htab *)malloc(sizeof(htab));
 
  len = ((uint32_t)1<<logsize);
  t->table = (hitem **)malloc(sizeof(hitem *)*(uint32_t)len);
  for (i=0; i<len; ++i) t->table[i] = (hitem *)0;
  t->logsize = logsize;
  t->mask = len-1;
  t->count = 0;
  t->apos = (uint32_t)0;
  t->ipos = (hitem *)0;
  t->space = remkroot(sizeof(hitem));
  t->bcount = 0;
  return t;
}
 
/* hdestroy - destroy the hash table and free all its memory */
void hdestroy(
  htab *t /* the table */
) {
  refree(t->space);
  free((char *)t->table);
  free((char *)t);
}
 
/* hcount() is a macro, see hashtab.h */
/* hkey() is a macro, see hashtab.h */
/* hkeyl() is a macro, see hashtab.h */
/* hstuff() is a macro, see hashtab.h */
 
/* hfind - find an item with a given key in a hash table */
int hfind(
  htab *t, /* table */
  const char *key, /* key to find */
  size_t keyl /* key length */
) {
  hitem *h;
  uint32_t    x = lookup(key,keyl,0);
  uint32_t    y;
  for (h = t->table[y=(x&t->mask)]; h; h = h->next)
  {
    if ((x == h->hval) &&
        (keyl == h->keyl) &&
        !memcmp(key, h->key, keyl))
    {
      t->apos = y;
      t->ipos = h;
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}
 
/*
 * hadd - add an item to a hash table.
 * return FALSE if the key is already there, otherwise TRUE.
 */
int hadd(
  htab *t, /* table */
  const char *key, /* key to add to hash table */
  size_t keyl, /* key length */
  void *stuff /* stuff to associate with this key */
) {
  register hitem  *h,**hp;
  register uint32_t     y, x = lookup(key,keyl,0);
 
  /* make sure the key is not already there */
  for (h = t->table[(y=(x&t->mask))]; h; h = h->next)
  {
    if ((x == h->hval) &&
        (keyl == h->keyl) &&
        !memcmp(key, h->key, keyl))
    {
      t->apos = y;
      t->ipos = h;
      return false;
    }
  }
 
  /* find space for a new item */
  h = (hitem *)renew(t->space);
 
  /* make the hash table bigger if it is getting full */
  if (++t->count > (uint32_t)1<<(t->logsize))
  {
    hgrow(t);
    y = (x&t->mask);
  }
 
  /* add the new key to the table */
  h->key   = key;
  h->keyl  = keyl;
  h->stuff = stuff;
  h->hval  = x;
  hp = &t->table[y];
  h->next = *hp;
  *hp = h;
  t->ipos = h;
  t->apos = y;
 
#ifdef HSANITY
  hsanity(t);
#endif  /* HSANITY */
 
  return true;
}
 
/* hdel - delete the item at the current position */
int hdel(
  htab *t /* the hash table */
) {
  hitem  *h;    /* item being deleted */
  hitem **ip;   /* a counter */
 
  /* check for item not existing */
  if (!(h = t->ipos)) return false;
 
  /* remove item from its list */
  for (ip = &t->table[t->apos]; *ip != h; ip = &(*ip)->next)
    ;
  *ip = (*ip)->next;
  --(t->count);
 
  /* adjust position to something that exists */
  if (!(t->ipos = h->next)) hnbucket(t);
 
  /* recycle the deleted hitem node */
  redel(t->space, h);
 
#ifdef HSANITY
  hsanity(t);
#endif  /* HSANITY */
 
  return true;
}
 
/* hfirst - position on the first element in the table */
int hfirst(
  htab *t /* the hash table */
) {
  t->apos = t->mask;
  (void)hnbucket(t);
  return (t->ipos != (hitem *)0);
}
 
/* hnext() is a macro, see hashtab.h */
 
/*
 * hnbucket - Move position to the first item in the next bucket.
 * Return TRUE if we did not wrap around to the beginning of the table
 */
int hnbucket(
  htab *t /* hash table */
) {
  uint32_t  oldapos = t->apos;
  uint32_t  end = (uint32_t)1<<(t->logsize);
  uint32_t  i;
 
  /* see if the element can be found without wrapping around */
  for (i=oldapos+1; i<end; ++i)
  {
    if (t->table[i&t->mask])
    {
      t->apos = i;
      t->ipos = t->table[i];
      return true;
    }
  }
 
  /* must have to wrap around to find the last element */
  for (i=0; i<=oldapos; ++i)
  {
    if (t->table[i])
    {
      t->apos = i;
      t->ipos = t->table[i];
      return false;
    }
  }
 
  return false;
}
 
#ifdef HSTAT
void hstat(
  htab *t
) {
  uint32_t     i,j;
  double  total = 0.0;
  hitem  *h;
  hitem  *walk, *walk2, *stat = (hitem *)0;
 
  /* in stat, keyl will store length of list, hval the number of buckets */
  for (i=0; i<=t->mask; ++i)
  {
    for (h=t->table[i], j=0; h; ++j, h=h->next)
      ;
    for (walk=stat; walk && (walk->keyl != j); walk=walk->next)
      ;
    if (walk)
    {
      ++(walk->hval);
    }
    else
    {
      walk = (hitem *)renew(t->space);
      walk->keyl = j;
      walk->hval = 1;
      if (!stat || stat->keyl > j) {walk->next=stat; stat=walk;}
      else
      {
        for (walk2=stat;
             walk2->next && (walk2->next->keyl<j);
             walk2=walk2->next)
          ;
        walk->next = walk2->next;
        walk2->next = walk;
      }
    }
  }
 
  /* figure out average list length for existing elements */
  for (walk=stat; walk; walk=walk->next)
  {
    total+=(double)walk->hval*(double)walk->keyl*(double)walk->keyl;
  }
  if (t->count) total /= (double)t->count;
  else          total  = (double)0;
 
  /* print statistics */
  printf("\n");
  for (walk=stat; walk; walk=walk->next)
  {
    printf("items %ld:  %ld buckets\n", walk->keyl, walk->hval);
  }
  printf("\nbuckets: %lu  items: %ld  existing: %g\n\n",
         ((uint32_t)1<<t->logsize), t->count, total);
 
  /* clean up */
  while (stat)
  {
    walk = stat->next;
    redel(t->space, stat);
    stat = walk;
  }
}
#endif